******Application of Low Faithfulness Constraint Demotion******
Simulation: Pseudo-Korean, with *Unasp included in constraint set
******Now doing Stratum #1******
Avoid Preference For Losers:
*Unasp is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tath] for /tat/.
*[-son/+voice] is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tata] for /tada/.
*asp is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tata] for /tatha/.
*[+v][-v][+v] is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tada] for /tatha/.
Favor Markedness:
*dh is a Markedness constraint that favors no losers, joins new stratum.
Faithfulness constraints are excluded from stratum.
Results so far:
Stratum 1 (newly ranked): *dh
Markedness constraints still unranked:
*[+v][-v][+v]
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
*Unasp
Faithfulness constraints still unranked:
Id (asp)
Id (voice)
Id (asp)/_V
Id (voice)/_V
******Now doing Stratum #2******
Avoid Preference For Losers:
*Unasp is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tath] for /tat/.
*[-son/+voice] is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tata] for /tada/.
*asp is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tata] for /tatha/.
*[+v][-v][+v] is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tada] for /tatha/.
Favor Markedness:
There are no rankable Markedness constraints.
Favor Activeness:
Id (asp) is shown to be active by ruling out *[tath] for /tat/.
Id (voice) is shown to be active by ruling out *[dath] for /tat/.
Id (asp)/_V is shown to be active by ruling out *[that] for /tat/.
Id (voice)/_V is shown to be active by ruling out *[dath] for /tat/.
All unranked Faithfulness constraints are active.
Favor Specificity:
Id (asp) is excluded from stratum because Id (asp)/_V is more specific.
Id (voice) is excluded from stratum because Id (voice)/_V is more specific.
Favor Autonomy:
Id (voice)/_V is assigned 3 helpers, based on /tat/ -/-> *[dath]. The helpers are:
Id (asp)
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
Id (asp)/_V is assigned 1 helper, based on /tha/ -/-> *[ta]. The helper is:
*Unasp
Id (voice)/_V is assigned 1 helper, based on /tada/ -/-> *[tata]. The helper is:
*[+v][-v][+v]
Lowest number of helpers: 1
Constraint Id (asp)/_V joins the current stratum, having 1 helpers.
Constraint Id (voice)/_V joins the current stratum, having 1 helpers.
Results so far:
Stratum 1 (already ranked): *dh
Stratum 2 (newly ranked): Id (asp)/_V
Id (voice)/_V
Markedness constraints still unranked:
*[+v][-v][+v]
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
*Unasp
Faithfulness constraints still unranked:
Id (asp)
Id (voice)
******Now doing Stratum #3******
Avoid Preference For Losers:
*Unasp is excluded from stratum; prefers loser *[tath] for /tat/.
Favor Markedness:
*[+v][-v][+v] is a Markedness constraint that favors no losers, joins new stratum.
*[-son/+voice] is a Markedness constraint that favors no losers, joins new stratum.
*asp is a Markedness constraint that favors no losers, joins new stratum.
Faithfulness constraints are excluded from stratum.
Results so far:
Stratum 1 (already ranked): *dh
Stratum 2 (already ranked): Id (asp)/_V
Id (voice)/_V
Stratum 3 (newly ranked): *[+v][-v][+v]
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
Markedness constraints still unranked:
*Unasp
Faithfulness constraints still unranked:
Id (asp)
Id (voice)
******Now doing Stratum #4******
Avoid Preference For Losers:
Search found no unranked constraints that prefer losers.
Favor Markedness:
*Unasp is a Markedness constraint that favors no losers, joins new stratum.
Faithfulness constraints are excluded from stratum.
Results so far:
Stratum 1 (already ranked): *dh
Stratum 2 (already ranked): Id (asp)/_V
Id (voice)/_V
Stratum 3 (already ranked): *[+v][-v][+v]
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
Stratum 4 (newly ranked): *Unasp
Markedness constraints still unranked:
(none)
Faithfulness constraints still unranked:
Id (asp)
Id (voice)
******Now doing Stratum #5******
Avoid Preference For Losers:
Search found no unranked constraints that prefer losers.
Favor Markedness:
There are no rankable Markedness constraints.
Favor Activeness:
Only remaining rankable constraints are inactive Faithfulness constraints.
All join current stratum:
Id (asp)
Id (voice)
Results so far:
Stratum 1 (already ranked): *dh
Stratum 2 (already ranked): Id (asp)/_V
Id (voice)/_V
Stratum 3 (already ranked): *[+v][-v][+v]
*[-son/+voice]
*asp
Stratum 4 (already ranked): *Unasp
Stratum 5 (newly ranked): Id (asp)
Id (voice)
Markedness constraints still unranked:
(none)
Faithfulness constraints still unranked:
(none)
Ranking is complete and yields an incorrect grammar: overgenerates for
(e.g.) *[ata]:
/ata/:
*dh|Id(vc)/_V¦Id(asp)/_V|*+v-v+v¦*[-son/+vc]¦*asp|*Unasp|Id(vc)¦Id(asp)
[ata] | ¦ | * ¦ ¦ | * | ¦
*[atha] | ¦ *! | * ¦ ¦ * | | ¦ *
*[ada] | *! ¦ | ¦ * ¦ | * | * ¦
*[adha] *! | * ¦ * | ¦ * ¦ * | | * ¦ *
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Phonological Acquisition in Optimality Theory: The
Early Stages