England (Karpeles 1974): Song # Variant Text Quatrain Type Position within Quatrain Line Type Musical Time Signature Grid Type Non-final inversion "Text is ""May Morning""" Remarks 2 H "/Hold your /tongue, my / pretty Pol- / ly" 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 2 H And the / bars of the / best iv'- / ry 4343 4 3 x 6/8 ternary 2 J "O / hush, O / hush, my / pretty Pol- / ly" 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 2 J And your / perch of the / best i-vo-/ ry 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary 7 F "I'll / bet you / twenty / pound, mas- / ter" 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 7 G He / pulled rings / off of / his fin- / gers 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 10 A The/Queen of glo- / ry 5454 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 10 B The / Queen of Gali- / lee 4343 4 3 x 3/4 ternary 10 C The / Queen of Gali- / lee 4343 4 3 x 3/4 ternary 10 D The / Queen of Gali- / lee 4343 4 3 x 3/4 ternary 14 C Go / fetch to / me my / little neph- / ew 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 15 C Be- / fore I / beg thee with / all my bless- / ing 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 15 E This / brown la- / dy walked / to and / fro 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary x 15 G Lord / Thomas he / was a / bold forest- / er 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 15 G Fair E- / linda she / was a / fair wo- / man 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 15 I Lord / Thomas he / was a / bold forest- / er 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 15 I Fair / Ellinor / she was a / gay la- / dy 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 "O / no, O / no, said / little Mus- / grove" 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 25 C O I / sim you have / had some / ill sick- / ness 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary "setting confirmed by Sharp 1916, #15" 25 C O / I have / had no / ill sick- / ness 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary "setting confirmed by Sharp 1916, #15" 27 A Who / should ride / by but / Knight Wil- / liam 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 28 B And / he went / out of a / May mor- / ning G343 3 4 x 4/4 binary x 28 E And / he went / out one / May mor- / ning 3343 3 4 x 2/2 binary x 28 H As / I walked / out one / May mor- /ning 4G4G 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 28 K As / I walked / out one / May mor- /ning 4G4G 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 31 H It / rains it / rains in / merry Scot- / land 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 33 And / blacksmiths to /ride in our / compa- / ny 434f4 4 4 x 6/8 ternary 38 A In / merry Scot- / land there were / three 4343 3 4 x 3/4 ternary x 38 A There / was three /brothers in / merry Scot- / land 4343 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 38 C And in / merry Scot- / land there were / three 4343 3 4 x 3/4 ternary x 38 C There / was three /brothers in / merry Scot- / land 4343 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 38 D In / merry Scot- / land there / lived three / brothers 43XX 1 4 x 6/8 ternary x 38 F "In / merry Scot- / land, in / merry Scot- / land" 44XX 1 4 x 3/4 ternary x 38 F "In / merry Scot- / land, in / merry Scot- / land" 44XX 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 38 G In / merry Scot- / land there were / three 4363 3 6 x 3/4 ternary x 38 G There / was three /brothers in / merry Scot- / land 4363 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 38 H "O / no, O / no, said / Henry Mar- / tin" 4363 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 38 I There / liv-ed three / brothers in / merry Scot- / land 4363 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 43 D She would / shun their / compa- / ny / G3G3 2 3 x 6/8 ternary 43 D She would / shun their / compa- / ny / G3G3 4 3 x 6/8 ternary 43 E Lived / in the / west coun- / tree / G3G3 2 3 x 6/8 ternary 43 G There / was a / girl in / Westmin- / ster irreg. 1 4 x 9/8 ternary 44 A A sailing / down all on the / coasts of / high Barba- / ry 4444 4 4 x 6/8 ternary 44 B A coming / down along the / coasts of / Barba- / ree 4444 4 4 x 4/4 binary 45 A O / I had a / ship in some / foreign coun- / try 4444 1 4 x 4/4 binary 45 A And / she was called / after the / Golden Vani- / ty 4444 2 4 x 4/4 binary 45 A I / fear she will be / taken by some / proud young ene- / my 4444 3 4 x 4/4 binary 45 B My / father had a / ship in the / North Coun- / try 4444 1 4 x 4/4 binary 45 B It's /called by the / name of the / Golden Vani- / ty 4444 2 4 x 4/4 binary 52 A He / lived by his / trade of a / ship's carpen- / ter 4444 4 4 x 4/4 binary 52 E In / Warwick in / Warwick in / Warwick- / shire 4444 1 4 x 3/4 ternary 52 E And / he for his / trade was a / ship's carpen- / ter 4444 2 4 x 3/4 ternary 60 G "It's / Hilson, / Gibson / and John- / son" G343 3 4 x 4/4 binary inversion in F 64 For 'tis / one of the /crudel/lest murde- / rers 6464 3 6 x 3/4 ternary odd placement 66 A And / on a / game / ... Keep /er we / find 5555 3 5 x 3/2 ternary x strict pause 72 As / I walked / out one / May mor- /ning 43G3 1 4 x 4/4 binary x inversion in F 74 A and the / favour was / granted to / charming Bet- /sy 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 74 C "You may / go and be / welcome, my / pretty Bet- / sy" 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 79 And I / used her / gentil- / ly / F3F3 4 3 x 6/8 ternary 88 A You must / leave the / coun- te- / ree / 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary 88 A Or / shun his / compa- / ny / 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary 94 C As / I walked / out one / May mor- / ning 4343 1 4 x 5/4 quinquenary x 94 C As / I walked / forth one / May mor- / ning 4343 1 4 x 5/4 quinquenary x 94 C One / May mor- / ning be- / time / 4343 2 3 x 5/4 quinquenary x x 94 C One / May mor- / ning be- / time / 4343 2 3 x 5/4 quinquenary x x 108 A One / May mor- / ning be- / time / 4T4T 2 T x 4/4 binary x x 108 A As / I walked / out one / May mor- / ning 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 108 C One / May mor- / ning so / ear- / ly / 4T4G 2 T x 4/4 irreg. binary x x 108 C As / I walked / out one / May mor- / ning 4343 1 4 x 4/4 irreg. binary x 108 G One / May mor- / ning so / early / 4T4T 2 T x 4/4 binary x x 108 G As / I walked / out one / May mor- / ning 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 119 Saying / I will be / married on a / Tuesday mor- / ning 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 121 B For to / pin up your / baby's / mu- se- / lins 4444 2 4 x 4/4 binary "setting confirmed by Sharp 1916, #67" 129 It / is a jew- / el all / in my / eyes 4444 3 4 x 4/4 binary x 131 A And I'll / take you to the / wars / that's in /High Germa- / ny 4444 4 4 x 4/4 binary 131 B I'll / take you to the / war that's in / High Germa- / ny 4444 4 4 x 4/4 binary 131 C I'll / take you to the / cruel wars in / High Germa- / ny 4444 4 4 x 6/8 ternary 132 You shall / hear the drums and the / trumpets sound / in the wars of High Germa- / ny 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 144 A "Step- / ping up to her, think- / ing to gain her," 5555 3 5 x 3/2 ternary x 144 A "Step- / ping up to her, think- / ing to gain her," 5555 3 5 x 3/2 ternary 282 / That's the / man for / old Eng- / land 444G 4444G 6 4 x 4/4 binary "setting confirmed by Sharp 1916, #88" 282 But / still he / found that / Trafal- / gar 444G 4444G 3 4 x 4/4 binary "setting confirmed by Sharp 1916, #88" Appalachia (Karpeles 1932): Song # Variant Text Quatrain Type Position within Quatrain Line Type Musical Time Signature Grid Type Non-final inversion "Text is ""May Morning""" Remarks 3 B "Pull / off that / silk, my / pretty Pol- / ly" F3F3 1 F x 6/8 ternary inversion in a F position 3 F "Come / rise you / up, my / pretty Pol- / ly" 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 3 F I'll / take you / to the / North Scot- / land 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 3 H And / two of your / father's / best hor- / ses 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 4 H He / look-ed / over his / left shoul- / der 4343 1 4 x 3/2 ternary 4 L Jury flower / get the / rose ber- / ry 4444 1 4 "varies, 2/2, 3/2" varies 4 L The / jury hangs / over the / rose ber- / ry 4444 3 4 x 4/4 binary 5 B There / lived an old /lady in the / north coun- / try 4243 1 4 x 4/4 binary 5 D There / was an old / lady in the / north coun- / try 4443 "1,3,5" 4 x 6/8 ternary 5 I There / lived a / lord in the / old coun- / try 4243 1 4 x 4/4 binary 5 J There / was an old / man in the / North Coun- / tree 4433 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 12 B I / want to / see my / pretty Su- / sie 4343 3 4 x 6/4 ternary 13 C Lord Bateman / was …. A noble- / man 5555 1 5 x 3/2 ternary 13 D They bored a / hole … in his left shoul- / der 5555 1 5 x 3/2 ternary 15 B The / queen of Galli- / lee 6565 4 5 x 3/2 ternary 15 C The / queen of Galli- / lee 6565 4 5 x 3/2 ternary 15 C The / queen of Galli- / lee 6565 4 5 x 3/2 ternary 17 B To / burn my / poor bo- / dy 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary Setting justified by rhyme (see/body). 17 B But / come to my / bury- / ing / 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary Setting justified by rhyme (ring/burying). 18 D As / Lady Mar- / gret was / going to / bed 44443 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 18 D But / who should it / be but her / true love Hene- / ry 44443 1 4 x 4/4 binary 18 K For there's / ne'er a / doctor in / old Scot- / land 4343 3 4 x 3/4 ternary 18 L And the / pillow of / ivo- / ry / 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary 19 Bb Fair / Ellen / was a / fair la- / dy 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 D Fair / Ellen- / der was a / gay young la- / dy 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 K Lord / Thomas he / was a / bold fores- / ter 4343 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 K Lady / Helen she / was a / fair la- / dy 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 S And / so I / charge you with / my bless- / ing 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 19 V It's / I will / charge you with / my bless- / ing 4343 3 4 x 6/8 ternary 20 O Sweet / William a- / rose one / May mor- /ning 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary x 20 Q Be- / tween . Lady Mar- . Gret and / you 5454 4 4 (of 5454) x 3/2 ternary x 22 B They sent them a- / way … to the north coun- / try 4444 (3/2) 3 4 (of 5454) x 3/2 ternary 33 A She / soon run / through her / gay clo- / thing 4G4G 1 4 x 4/4 binary setting confirmed by Sharp n.d. 33 I And the / house wo- / man that she / did tell / him 4G4G 3 4 x 4/4 binary x 35 A And I've / lately got / married to a / house carpen- / ter 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 35 H Yes / I am / married to a / house carpen- / ter 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 35 L O / I have / married a / queen's daugh- / ter 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 35 L And / you have / married a / house carpen- / ter 4343 3 4 x 4/4 binary 35 T It's / I could have / married a / queen's daugh- / ter 4343 1 4 x 4/4 binary 35 V And / keep its / Papa compa- / ny / 4343 4 3 x 4/4 binary 37 D "She were / neat , hand- , some and / tall" 5555 3 5 x 3/2 ternary x 39 C For / gentle my / Jenny my / rosama- / ree 4444 2 4 x 6/8 ternary 39 C As the / dew falls / over the / green val- / ley 4444 4 4 x 6/8 ternary 39 D For / gentle for / Jenny my / rosama- / ree 4444 2 4 x 6/8 ternary 39 D As the / dew falls / over the / green val- / ley 4444 4 4 x 6/8 ternary 41 A There / was a little / ship in the / South Ameri- / kee 44 2 4 x 4/4 binary 41 B There / was a ship / sailed from the / North Ameri- / kee 44443 1 4 x 4/4 binary Repeated in the same quatrain 41 B There / was a little / ship in the / North Ameri- / kee 44 2 4 x 4/4 binary 41 F There / was a ship / a sailing / on the / North Ameri- / kee 44 1 4 x 6/8 ternary 41 G They / gave her the / name of the / silver fami- / ly 4443 2 4 x 4/4 binary 41 K / There was a / ship in the / north coun- / try "4443, approx." 1 4 x 4/4 binary """in the north"" is repeated" 41 K It / went by the / name of the / Bold Trini- / tee "4443, approx." 2 4 x 4/4 binary 42 A It's / I have a / wife in / South Ameri- / kee "4343, approx." 3 4 "x 4/4, approx." binary various measures stretched to 3/2 48 E Near Bridgewa- / ter a rich man / lived 5555 1 5 x 3/2 ternary x 48 H Where . his bo- / dy . 0 was . Slain and / thrown 5f55f5 4 5 x 3/2 ternary x obligatory long note position 49 B And / him to his / trade was a / ship's carpen- / ter 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 49 H For / her old / sweetheart was a / ship's carpen- / ter 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 49 U For / her old sweet- / heart was a / ship's carpen- / ter 4444 4 4 x 3/4 ternary 56 H Down / on the / Ohi- / o / 4343 4 3 x 6/8 ternary a coarser analysis makes the stanza one 4444 quatrain instead 2 4343 73 I'm / going to / tell you my / sad desti- / ny 4444 2 4 x 3/4 ternary 74 Which . Suited Bet- / sy . 0 to a . High de- / gree 4444 (3/2) 4 4 x 3/2 ternary x 77 To / see what I suf- / fered for your / sake 1 x 3/2 and 2/2 ternary x irregular meter 79 D "My , sad and / mourn- , ful his- , to / ry" 4444 (3/2) 2 4 (3/2) x 3/2 ternary 94 C "/ I walked , out , one / May mor- , ning . " 4444 (3/2) 1 4 (3/2) x 3/2 ternary x 94 H As / I walked / out one / May mor- / ning 4444 2 4 x 4/4 irreg. binary x Summary statistics: Subsample Non-final inversions Total inversions Fraction of inversions final Fraction of inversions non-final all lines 22 147 0.850 0.150 binary grid (=(2) in paper) 6 64 0.906 0.094 """May morning"" only" 5 18 0.722 0.278 "all but ""May morning""" 17 129 0.868 0.132 "binary grid, omitting ""May morning""" 3 48 0.938 0.063 3/2 time 7 17 0.588 0.412 3/4 time 4 26 0.846 0.154 6/8 and 6/4 time 2 33 0.939 0.061 "3/4, 6/8, 6/4 time together" 6 59 0.898 0.102