Kie Zuraw

UCLA Linguistics

Ling 200A

Phonological Theory I

Fall 2009

Tuesdays and Thursdays 9:00-10:50 in Bunche A152

See also the CCLE page, by logging in to CCLE

Almost everything here is a PDF file, so you need Adobe Acrobat Reader (or similar software) to view and print.

• Course information
  
• Term paper stuff
  
• Lecture handouts
  
• Study questions and study guides for readings (includes general tips on reading)
  
• Problems
  
• Links
  
• Suggestions for further reading
  

How to make fancy brackets in MS Word
and here is a Word version that you can copy the examples from

Course information

Kie's office hours: Thursdays 2:00-3:50, in Campbell 3122A

Syllabus

Term paper stuff

Basic directions

Directions for bibliographic exercise (due Oct. 20)

Directions for primary-vs-secondary-source exercise (due Nov. 3)

Models for term paper

Lecture handouts

1. Introduction and overview (Sept. 24)
2. SPE rule notation review (Sept. 29)
   Just for fun/reference: Breakdown of the SPE English main stress rule as applied to our examples
   
3. Extrinsic rule ordering (Oct. 1)
4. The duplication and conspiracy problems (Oct. 6)
5. Rule + constraint theories (Oct. 8)
6. Optimality Theory, part I (Oct. 13)
7. Optimality Theory, part II (Oct. 15)
8. Issues in rule application: multiple targets, directionality, iterativity (Oct. 20)
9. On Oct. 22 we continued the previous handout.
10. Process interaction (Oct. 27); references added
11. On Oct. 29 we continued the previous handout.
12. Lexical phonology (Nov. 3)
13. On Nov. 5 we continued the previous handout.
14. The too-many-solutions problem (Nov. 10)
15. Autosegmental representations, part I (Nov. 12)
16. Autosegmental representations, part II: the skeletal tier; other features (Nov. 16)
17. Representations for stress, part I: the grid (Nov. 18)
18. Representations for stress, part II: feet (Nov. 24)
    No class Nov. 26: Thanksgiving holiday
    
19. Representations for stress, part III: asymmetries in the foot inventory (Dec. 1)
20. Course wrapup (Dec. 3)

Study questions and study guides for readings

Tips on reading scholarly articles

Kenstowicz & Kisseberth chs. 1 and 2 (due Sept. 29)

Kenstowicz & Kisseberth portions of chs. 3 and 9 (due Oct. 1)

Kenstowicz & Kisseberth portions of chs. 5 and 10; Kisseberth 1970 (due Oct. 6)

Prince & Smolensky 1993/2004 portions (due Oct. 13)

Kenstowicz & Kisseberth ch. 8 portion; Anderson 1984 ch. 9; Kaplan 2008 portions (due Oct. 20)

Anderson 1984 ch. 10 portion (due Oct. 27; there's an accompanying quiz on the CCLE page)

Another portion of Kenstowicz & Kisseberth ch. 10; Kiparsky 2000 (due Nov. 3)

Portion of Steriade 2001 (due Nov. 10)

Goldsmith 1976 (due Nov. 17)

Hayes 1995, ch. 3 (the last one; due Nov. 24)

Problem sets

I'll usually post two versions of each assignment:

1. the PDF version, which is best for viewing and printing
2. a MS Word version, with fonts embedded, so that you can (I hope) copy and paste data to your write-up

Warm-up problem (not graded)

• Warm-up PDF
• Warm-up DOC

Palauan (due Friday, Oct. 2)

• Palauan PDF
• Palauan DOC

Beginning OT: Yokuts and Ladakhi (due Friday, Oct. 16)

• Yokuts/Ladakhi PDF
• Yokuts/Ladakhi DOC

Woleaian (due Friday, Oct. 23)

• Woleaian PDF
• Woleaian DOC

Malayalam (due Fri., Nov. 6)

Now in Unicode. There were a couple of numbering errors, and I preserved them in case you are working from the previous version.

• Malayalam PDF
• Malayalam DOC

Holoholo (due Fri., Nov. 20)

• Holoholo directions (pdf)
• Holoholo data, XLS format
• Holoholo data, tab-separated text format

Samoan (the last one; due Tues., Dec. 1)

• Samoan PDF
• Samoan DOC

Links

NEW: Floris van Vugt's Marpa-OT
Lets you make an OT tableau in a spreadsheet program and then convert it into code you can paste into a LaTeX document.

Feature chart and definitions by Bruce Hayes
includes handy Excel spreadsheet

FeaturePad
free software for learning about and manipulating features

SIL International
Fonts, software, and more. To go straight to free fonts, click here.

The International Phonetic Association (IPA)
Various useful things, including a mention of how to get phonetics fonts for TeX/LaTeX (click on "fonts" in the menu on the left).

Doug Arnold's LaTeX for Linguists pages
How to do various linguistic things in LaTeX: IPA symbols, OT tableaux, autosegmental representations, glossing, trees...

Ethnologue
Basic information on all the world's languages.

Speech Internet dictionary (SIPhTrA)
By John Maidment

Online sounds from the UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive
Includes an IPA chart that you can click on to hear sounds

Suggestions for further reading--in progress from year to year

• Rule notation, rule application, and rule ordering
  • Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle (1968). The Sound Pattern of English. MIT Press.
    And of course, there's so much more in here than rule notation. If you plan to be a phonologist you must read this book.
    
  • Steven Anderson (1984). The Organization of Phonology. New York: Academic Press.
  • Howard, Irwin (1972). A Directional Theory of Rule Application in Phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.
  • Koutsoudas, A., G. Sanders and C. Noll (1974). The Application of Phonological Rules. Language 50: 1-28.
• Lexical phonology:
  • Mascaró, Joan (1976). Catalan phonology and the phonological cycle. Indiana University dissertation.
    Follows [Kean, Mary-Louise (1974). The strict cycle in phonology. Linguistic Inquiry 5: 179-203] in extending [Chomsky, Noam (1965). Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press]'s syntactic Strict Cycle Condition to phonology to produce NDEB (a phenomenon pointed out by Kiparsky 1973a) in cyclic rules-and only in cyclic rules. Includes now-classic Catalan examples.
  • Pesetsky, David (1979). Russian morphology and lexical theory. MIT ms.
    Addresses the problem that morphology seems to demand bracket erasure after each WFR (later WFRs are blind to information from earlier stages), but phonological rules need those brackets. His solution was to interleave WFRs with the cyclic phonological rules, instead of starting with the full morphological output and then erasing brackets. All this happens "in the lexicon". Postcyclic rules come later, after the syntax.
  • Kiparsky, Paul (1982). Lexical phonology and morphology. In I. S. Yang (ed.), Linguistics in the Morning Calm. Seoul: Hanshin. Pp. 3-91.
    Shows how Pesetsky's proposal explains various differences between lexical and postlexical rules. Proposes levels, and uses identity rules to capture NDEB.
  • Mohanan, K.P. (1982). Lexical phonology. MIT dissertation. Revised as Mohanan, K.P. (1986). The Theory of Lexical Phonology. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
    Like Kiparsky, proposes levels, but argues that some rules have to apply in more than one level (as long as those levels are adjacent).
  • Kiparsky, Paul (1985). Some consequences of lexical phonology. Phonology Yearbook 2: 83-138.
  • Booij, Geert and Jerzy Rubach (1987). Postcyclic versus postlexical rules in lexical phonology. Linguistic Inquiry 18: 1-44.
    Propose that an additional level of postcyclic lexical rules (word level) applies before syntax.
  • Paul Kiparsky (1982). From Cyclic Phonology to Lexical Phonology. In H. V. D. Hulst and Norval Smith (eds.), The Structure of Phonological Representations, Foris: Dordrecht. Pp. 131-175.
  • K.P. Mohanan (1995). The organization of the grammar. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
  • Jennifer Cole (1995). The cycle in phonology. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
• Tones and autosegmental phonology:
  • John Goldsmith (1979). Autosegmental Phonology. Garland Press.
  • Cheryl Zoll (1996). A Unified Treatment of Segments and Features. Phonology at Santa Cruz 3. Available online on Rutgers Optimality Archive
  • Cheryl Zoll (2003). Optimal Tone Mapping. Linguistic Inquiry 34 (2): 225-268
  • G.N. Clements & Elizabeth Hume (1995). The internal organization of speech sounds. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
  • David Odden (1995). Tone: African languages. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
  • Moira Yip (1995). Tone in East Asian languages. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
• Stress, moras, and feet:
  • Bruce Hayes (1995). Metrical Stress Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • John McCarthy and Alan Prince (1986/1996). Prosodic Morphology 1986. Technical Report #32, Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science. Available online on here.
  • John McCarthy and Alan Prince (1993). Prosodic Morphology: Constraint Interaction and Satisfaction. Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science technical report #3 (RuCCS-TR-3). Available online on Rutgers Optimality Archive.
  • Ellen Broselow (1995). Skeletal positions and moras. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
  • Morris Halle & William Idsardi (1995). General properties of stress and metrical structure. In John Goldsmith (ed.), Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell.
• OT:
  • Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky (1993/2004). Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. Blackwell. Available online on Rutgers Optimality Archive.
  • Rene Kager (1999). Optimality Theory. Cambridge UP.
    Beginning textbook.
  • John McCarthy (2002). A Thematic Guide to Optimality Theory Cambridge UP.
    Advanced textbook.